Weighted counting bridges and prime-power penalties #
Corrected good and bad candidates give an exact counting bridge. Explicit Mertens bounds, Jurkat--Richert integral coefficients, and proper-prime-power estimates reduce positivity to stated uniform analytic inputs.
All declarations retain the MathlibNt.SieveTheory.SwitchingPrinciple namespace.
The historical lower-sieve candidates transfer safely to the corrected candidate set once the unit boundary is removed. This is a finite inclusion: it carries no historical switching or Omega estimate.
Historical lower-sieve candidates away from the unit boundary.
Equations
Instances For
The non-unit historical lower-sieve fibre is contained in the corrected candidate set.
The historical W-count differs from a corrected-candidate lower bound by at most its explicitly isolated unit fibre.
Corrected candidates that already give a prime-plus-at-most-two-almost- prime representation.
Equations
Instances For
The bad fibre of the corrected candidate set. The planned replacement Omega must supply a multiplicity-correct penalty for every member of this set.
Equations
Instances For
The explicit penalty attached to a corrected candidate. It records both prime-factor multiplicities in the medium interval and canonical medium/large/large triple witnesses.
Equations
- MathlibNt.SieveTheory.SwitchingPrinciple.correctedChenPenalty N p = MathlibNt.SieveTheory.SwitchingPrinciple.primePowerSum (N - p) (MathlibNt.SieveTheory.SwitchingPrinciple.correctedChenZ N) (MathlibNt.SieveTheory.SwitchingPrinciple.correctedChenY N) + MathlibNt.SieveTheory.SwitchingPrinciple.tripleFactorCount (N - p) (MathlibNt.SieveTheory.SwitchingPrinciple.correctedChenZ N) (MathlibNt.SieveTheory.SwitchingPrinciple.correctedChenY N)
Instances For
The replacement switching sum associated with the corrected candidates.
Unlike the historical chenOmega, its factor multiplicity is explicit. No
analytic upper bound or counting bridge is claimed for it yet.
Equations
Instances For
Final positivity reduction from the lower-bound identity: if the main term X·V(N) is strictly greater than
errSum(1) + Ω/2, the corrected count is positive.
This is the complete lower-bound reduction for CorrectedChenAnalyticPositivity: the three analytic inputs
(the Mertens lower bound for V(N), control of errSum, and the Ω upper bound)
are ultimately used only to establish this explicit real inequality.
The corrected penalty is exactly the amount subtracted by the existing
Chen weight. This gives a concrete interpretation to the future / 2 in a
switching bridge.
A bad corrected candidate has penalty at least two, provided the cutoff
parameters cover its complementary number below the cube scale. This is the
finite multiplicity fact that will justify / 2 in the replacement switching
bridge.
The corrected finite switching bridge, conditional only on the elementary
cutoff facts needed by the weight lemma. Its / 2 is justified by the
explicit bad-fibre penalty, not by the obsolete historical Omega count.
Every corrected candidate lies in exactly one of the good and bad fibres. This is the finite partition on which the replacement counting bridge will be built.
Corrected good candidates are genuine good representations in the public Chen statement.
The two elementary scale facts required by the corrected finite switching bridge. Keeping them as a named predicate cleanly separates rounding/cutoff analysis from the purely finite multiplicity argument.
Equations
Instances For
Ceiling rounding alone supplies the cube-scale half of the corrected cutoff predicate, for every natural input.
Apart from the harmless max 2, the lower cutoff is strictly below the
upper cutoff as soon as the base exceeds one.
The corrected cutoff predicate follows from a single concrete lower-root
condition. The remaining threshold task is therefore the elementary claim
2 < N^(1/3), rather than any switching-counting statement.
The remaining lower-root condition is already valid from the concrete
threshold N ≥ 9. Consequently the corrected finite counting bridge has no
unproved cutoff side condition in the range relevant to Chen's theorem.
The global cube-scale part of CorrectedChenCutoffValid supplies the
strict complementary bound for every corrected candidate, because its prime
component is positive.
The corrected bridge in the public Chen representation space. It is a fully kernel-checked replacement for the refuted historical counting bridge, conditional only on the cutoff predicate whose eventual validity remains an explicit analytic/rounding task.
The corrected finite bridge in the public representation space, with its
cutoffs discharged for every N ≥ 9.
A positive corrected sieve difference already yields a genuine Chen representation. All finite switching, rounding, and boundary-fibre work is internal to this theorem; the only future input is an analytic proof that its left-hand side is positive.
The corrected analytic target implies Chen's theorem at the conventional
threshold. This replaces the historical ChenCountingBridge assumption by
a single honest analytic positivity obligation for the new objects.
The sole active analytic obligation for the corrected Chen development. It deliberately speaks only about the new candidate and penalty objects; no constant or bound from the refuted historical switching model is imported.
Equations
Instances For
Positivity from the uniform main-term lower bound #
Mertens lower bound with explicit constant 1/3: ∃ M₀, ∀ m ≥ M₀, 2 ≤ m → (1/3)/log m ≤ primeProduct m`.
This follows from the precise Mertens estimate |pp - e^{-γ}/log m| ≤ C/log²m and e^{-γ} > 1/3,
which follows from γ < 2/3 and e < 3.
Sharp upper parameter estimate: log(z-1) ≤ (1/10)·log N.
The explicit ten-factor majorant for the large-prime tail tends to one.
Uniform comparison at the varying corrected Chen cutoff. The genuine Liu series is bounded by half the sieve-normalized truncation, up to any prescribed multiplicative margin. No fixed-source convergence statement is used.
Uniform main-term lower bound in singular-series units: (10/3)·𝔖_trunc·N/log²N ≤ X·V(N).
Combine the exact identity X·V = X·𝔖·primeProduct(z-1), the Mertens lower bound
primeProduct ≥ (1/3)/log(z-1), and the parameter upper bound log(z-1) ≤ (1/10)·log N.
Ω upper-bound target: uniformly, correctedChenOmega ≤ cΩ·𝔖_trunc·N/log²N,
with (10/3) > cΩ/2, so the main-term coefficient strictly exceeds the Ω/2 coefficient.
Equations
- MathlibNt.SieveTheory.SwitchingPrinciple.CorrectedChenOmegaUpperBound = ∃ (cΩ : ℝ), 10 / 3 > cΩ / 2 ∧ ∃ (N₀ : ℕ), ∀ (N : ℕ), N₀ ≤ N → Even N → MathlibNt.SieveTheory.SwitchingPrinciple.correctedChenOmega N ≤ cΩ * AnalyticNumberTheory.Sieve.singularSeriesTruncated N (MathlibNt.SieveTheory.SwitchingPrinciple.correctedChenZ N - 1) * ↑N / Real.log ↑N ^ 2
Instances For
Compatibility with the classical constant: the main-term coefficient 10/3 strictly exceeds
half the classical Ω upper-bound coefficient, 3.9404/2. Thus the numerical condition in
CorrectedChenOmegaUpperBound permits cΩ = 3.9404, the classical constant of Chen 1973.
An Ω upper bound with the classical constant 3.9404, satisfying the main-term coefficient condition, can be used directly.
This theorem makes the instantiation condition for CorrectedChenOmegaUpperBound explicit: it suffices to prove
∃ N₀, ∀ N ≥ N₀ Even, correctedChenOmega N ≤ 3.9404·𝔖_trunc·N/log²N.
Final assembly: the proved uniform main-term lower bound, an Ω upper-bound input, and
weighted Pan control of errSum imply positivity of the corrected count for sufficiently large even numbers.
Chen's theorem conditional on two analytic inputs: pass from CorrectedChenPositivity_large_of_inputs
through corrected_key_inequality_implies_chen_at to the final ∃ N₀ form.
Prime-power part: primePowerSum n z y equals the sum of the multiplicities of primes in [z, y)
dividing n; the filter condition ∃ k ≥ 1, exactDiv q k n is equivalent to q ∣ n.
Multiplicity is at most the number of prime powers: n.factorization q ≤ #{k : q^(k+1) ∣ n}.
Uniform finite upper bound for the prime-power part: primePowerSum n z y ≤ Σ_{q ∈ [z,y)} Σ_k [q^(k+1) | n].
The prime-power part of the corrected Chen penalty.
Equations
- MathlibNt.SieveTheory.SwitchingPrinciple.correctedChenPrimePowerPenalty N = ∑ p ∈ MathlibNt.SieveTheory.SwitchingPrinciple.correctedChenCandidates N, MathlibNt.SieveTheory.SwitchingPrinciple.primePowerSum (N - p) (MathlibNt.SieveTheory.SwitchingPrinciple.correctedChenZ N) (MathlibNt.SieveTheory.SwitchingPrinciple.correctedChenY N)
Instances For
The strict ordered-triple part of the corrected Chen penalty.
Equations
- MathlibNt.SieveTheory.SwitchingPrinciple.correctedChenTriplePenalty N = ∑ p ∈ MathlibNt.SieveTheory.SwitchingPrinciple.correctedChenCandidates N, MathlibNt.SieveTheory.SwitchingPrinciple.tripleFactorCount (N - p) (MathlibNt.SieveTheory.SwitchingPrinciple.correctedChenZ N) (MathlibNt.SieveTheory.SwitchingPrinciple.correctedChenY N)
Instances For
The inner Buchstab integral occurring in both terms of Chen's equations (26)--(27).
Equations
Instances For
Chen's exact integral J from equation (26):
∫₃⁴ du/u ∫₂ᵘ⁻¹ log(t-1)/t dt.
Equations
Instances For
The inner Buchstab integral is nonnegative on the range used by Chen.
Chen's base Buchstab integral is nonnegative.
Chen's exact integral K from equations (26)--(27), after the paper's
change of variables u = 5 - 10α:
∫₃⁴ 10/[u(5-u)] du ∫₂ᵘ⁻¹ log(t-1)/t dt.
Equations
Instances For
Chen's varying-level Buchstab integral is nonnegative.
The exact inner Buchstab integral is continuous on the range needed for Chen's outer integral.
Chen's numerical estimate for the exact integrals in equations (26)--(27).
The small cubic saving in jurkatRichert_innerIntegral_le makes the displayed
decimal bound valid despite the rounding in the printed elementary majorant.
The base lower-sieve coefficient in Chen's equation (26).
Equations
Instances For
The dimensionless source lower-sieve factor before equation (25)'s Mertens normalization is applied.
Equations
Instances For
The factor in Chen's equation (25):
Γ_N(N^(1/10)) ~ 20 exp(-γ) C_N / log N.
Equations
Instances For
Equation (25)'s Mertens factor and equation (26)'s lower-sieve factor multiply to the exact base coefficient, with no opaque constant.
The varying-level medium-prime upper-sieve coefficient in Chen's equations (26)--(27).
Equations
Instances For
The exact algebraic split behind Chen's 2.6408: the base lower-sieve
coefficient minus half the distinct-q upper-sieve coefficient.
Chen's numerical integral input J - K/4 ≥ -0.0164725 yields the published
coefficient 2.6408. The remaining decimal step is certified from Mathlib's
explicit lower bound for log 2.
The valuation-weighted count used by the corrected finite Chen decomposition. It is not the direct literature object: repeated powers of one medium prime are charged with their full valuation.
Equations
Instances For
The canonical corrected endpoint. For every positive coefficient margin,
the valuation-weighted count is eventually bounded below by
(2.6408 - η) 𝔖(N) N / log² N along the even integers, in Liu's genuine
singular-series normalization. It is produced from the source-faithful
distinct-q theorem below, after a separate proper-prime-power correction.
Equations
- MathlibNt.SieveTheory.SwitchingPrinciple.ChenJurkatRichertWeightedLowerBound = ∀ (η : ℝ), 0 < η → ∀ᶠ (N : ℕ) in Filter.atTop, Even N → (2.6408 - η) * MathlibNt.SieveTheory.SingularSeries.liuSingularSeries N * ↑N / Real.log ↑N ^ 2 ≤ MathlibNt.SieveTheory.SwitchingPrinciple.jurkatRichertWeightedCount N
Instances For
correctedChenOmega splits into its prime-power and triple parts.
Exact finite bookkeeping: the Jurkat--Richert weighted count has already paid the prime-power part of the corrected penalty, leaving only half of the strict ordered-triple penalty.
Source-scale upper input for the genuine strict ordered-triple penalty. It is independent of the JR weighted lower conclusion and keeps the inverse-log remainder visible.
Equations
- MathlibNt.SieveTheory.SwitchingPrinciple.ChenJurkatRichertTriplePenaltyUpperBound = ∃ (C : ℝ), 0 < C ∧ ∀ᶠ (N : ℕ) in Filter.atTop, Even N → MathlibNt.SieveTheory.SwitchingPrinciple.correctedChenTriplePenalty N ≤ 3.94033 * MathlibNt.SieveTheory.SingularSeries.liuSingularSeries N * ↑N / Real.log ↑N ^ 2 + C * ↑N / Real.log ↑N ^ 3
Instances For
Uniform prime-power bound #
Uniform bound for proper prime powers: the number of pairs (p,q) with p a corrected candidate,
q a prime in [z,y), and q² | N-p is uniformly bounded by 6·N^{9/10}.
Structural decomposition of the prime-power sum: primePowerSum(n) ≤ #{q ∈ [z,y) : q | n} + Σ_{q ∈ [z,y), q²|n} v_q(n). Thus the prime-power penalty is at most the k=1 prime-divisor count
plus the proper-power part, whose N^{9/10} bound is supplied by correctedChenPrimePowerProperCountBound.
Negligibility threshold: for any Cerr, there exists N₀ such that
Cerr·N/log³N ≤ (1/4)·N/log²N for even N ≥ N₀. It suffices to have
log N ≥ 4·Cerr, so take N₀ = ⌈exp(4·Cerr)⌉ + 1.
Any inverse-log-cube remainder is eventually absorbed by an arbitrary
positive fraction of the Liu singular-series N/log² N scale.
The q¹ distribution input #
q¹ distribution input: the aggregate count of prime factors in [z,y) over candidates,
Σ_{p ∈ candidates} #{q ∈ [z,y) : q | N−p}.
Equations
- MathlibNt.SieveTheory.SwitchingPrinciple.correctedChenQ1Count N = ∑ p ∈ MathlibNt.SieveTheory.SwitchingPrinciple.correctedChenCandidates N, ↑{q ∈ Finset.range (MathlibNt.SieveTheory.SwitchingPrinciple.correctedChenY N) | Nat.Prime q ∧ MathlibNt.SieveTheory.SwitchingPrinciple.correctedChenZ N ≤ q ∧ q ∣ N - p}.card